Personalised treatments designed to fight cancer while minimising side effects.
Head and neck cancers refer to a group of cancers that start in the tissues and organs of the head and neck region — including the mouth, throat, voice box (larynx), nose, sinuses, and salivary glands. Most of these cancers are squamous cell carcinomas, beginning in the lining of the moist surfaces in these areas.
According to GLOBOCAN 2020, nasopharyngeal cancer is the 5th most common cancer in Singapore, with around 2,000 new cases annually. It is especially prevalent among Chinese males. Other head and neck cancers, such as oral cavity and laryngeal cancers, are also significant, often associated with tobacco use, alcohol consumption, and betel quid chewing.
Early signs can be subtle. Symptoms may include:
There is currently no standard population screening for head and neck cancers. However, early detection is possible through regular dental check-ups, ENT (ear, nose and throat) evaluations, and monitoring of persistent symptoms, especially in individuals at higher risk (such as smokers, heavy alcohol users, or those with HPV infection).
Localised, smaller tumours without spread
Larger, locally advanced, or metastatic disease
Treatment is personalised depending on the location, type, and stage of the cancer. Options include:
